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Understanding Metformin: Mechanism of Action, Clinical Uses, and Safety Profile

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Understanding Metformin: Mechanism of Action, Clinical Uses, and Safety Profile Infographic Overview Metformin is one of the most widely prescribed oral antidiabetic drugs globally. Known for its efficacy and safety, it plays a central role in managing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. In this post, we’ll explore its pharmacological mechanism, clinical applications, and safety considerations. 1. Mechanism of Action Metformin primarily acts by reducing hepatic glucose production (gluconeogenesis). It enhances insulin sensitivity and increases peripheral glucose uptake. Unlike sulfonylureas, it does not stimulate insulin secretion, which reduces the risk of hypoglycemia. Activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) Decreases intestinal absorption of glucose Improves insulin receptor activity 2. Clinical Uses Metformin is the first-line therapy for: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) Insulin resistance in obese patients It is often used in combination with other antidiabet...
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Gene editing & potential to revolutionize treatment methods for various diseases

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Gene editing & potential to revolutionize treatment methods for various diseases

#genetherapy #geneediting #prashantdevmore

  • Curing genetic disorders: By introducing functional genes or correcting mutations, gene editing could cure diseases like cystic fibrosis, sickle cell disease, and hemophilia. Several clinical trials are already underway for various genetic disorders, and some have shown promising results, such as successful gene therapy trials for Beta-thalassemia and Leber congenital amaurosis type 10 (LCA10), a form of blindness.

  • Engineering the immune system to fight cancer: Gene editing can be used to engineer a patient's immune system to recognize and destroy cancer cells. This approach is being explored in early-stage clinical trials, and CAR T-cell therapy, a form of gene therapy, has shown promising results in treating some types of blood cancers.

  • Introducing resistance to infectious diseases: Scientists are exploring the possibility of using gene editing to introduce genes that make cells resistant to viruses or bacteria, or to disable genes essential for viral replication. This could offer a new approach to fighting diseases like HIV and Hepatitis B.

  • Treating neurological disorders: Gene editing has the potential to modify genes involved in the development of neurological disorders. While research is still in the early stages for most neurological disorders, early-stage clinical trials are exploring gene therapy for Alzheimer's disease and Huntington's disease.

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It is important to note that gene therapy is a rapidly evolving field, and the timeline for gene therapy becoming a standard treatment for these diseases varies depending on the complexity of the disease and the progress of clinical trials. However, the potential of gene editing to revolutionize treatment for various diseases is undeniable.

Disease AreaPotential ImpactCurrent Stage of DevelopmentExamples
Genetic Disorders- Curing diseases by introducing functional genes or correcting mutations. <br> - Examples: Cystic fibrosis, sickle cell disease, hemophilia.Several clinical trials are underway for various genetic disorders.- Successful gene therapy trials for Beta-thalassemia and Leber congenital amaurosis type 10 (LCA10), a form of blindness.
Cancer- Engineering a patient's immune system to recognize and destroy cancer cells. <br> - Disabling cancer-promoting genes or introducing tumor-suppressing genes.Early-stage clinical trials are ongoing.- CAR T-cell therapy, a form of gene therapy, has shown promising results in treating some types of blood cancers.
Infectious Diseases- Introducing genes that make cells resistant to viruses or bacteria. <br> - Disabling genes essential for viral replication.Pre-clinical research and early-stage clinical trials are ongoing.- Gene therapy is being explored as a potential approach for HIV and Hepatitis B.
Neurological Disorders- Modifying genes involved in the development of neurological disorders.Research is still in the early stages for most neurological disorders.- Early-stage clinical trials are exploring gene therapy for Alzheimer's disease and Huntington's disease.

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